THE FALL OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC
(180 - 476 AD)
133 BC - Tribunate of Tiberius Gracchus
123 - 122 BC - Tribunate of GAIUS GRACCHUS
111 - 105 BC - JUGURTHINE WAR in modern Algeria. MARIUS recruits poor and landless into the army and rewards them with allotments of land.
104 - 100 BC - Consecutive consulship of Marius.
90 - 88 BC - War against the Italian allies. Italians want citizenship. All the Italians become citizens of Rome, they retain local self-government.
88 BC - Sulla's march on Rome. Sulla defending the Senate against MARIUS, marches against Rome. This was the first time a Roman general used his army against Rome.
82 BC - Sulla, after winning a civil war against the followers of Marius, becomes dictator to reconstitute the state. Sulla proscribed his opponents reconstitute the Senate, made senators judges, and limited the power of the tribunes.
71 BC - CRASSUS crushed the slave revolt led by Spartacus.
71 BC - POMPEY defeated Sertorius' rebellion in Spain.
70 BC - Consulship of Crassus and Pompey
60 BC - FORMATION OF THE FIRST TRIUMVIRATE OF POMPEY, CRASSUS, AND JULIUS CAESAR
58 - 50 BC - Julius Caesar conquers GAUL
53 BC - CRASSUS killed in battle of Carrhae
49 BC - CAESAR CROSSES THE RUBICON AND INVADES ITALY; CIVIL WAR WITH POMPEY AND SENATE
48 BC - CAESAR DEFEATED POMPEY AT PHARSALUS IN GREECE; POMPEY KILLED IN EGYPT
46 - 44 BC - CAESAR'S DICTATORSHIP
44 BC - END OF CIVIL WAR
43 BC - FORMATION OF THE SECOND TRIUMVIRATE OF MARC ANTONY, LEPIDUS, AND OCTAVIAN
42 BC - TRIUMVIRS DEFEATED BRUTUS AND CASSIUS AT PHILIPPI
31 BC - OCTAVIAN AND AGRIPPA DEFEATED ANTONY AT ACTIUM
27 BC - OCTAVIAN BECAME "EMPEROR"
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