David & Lorraine Cheng Library - American Sociological Review Style Guide

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American Sociological Association (ASA) Guide to Style (2nd ed.)

Prepared by James H. Mahon, July 5, 1999

American Sociological Review Specifications for Bibliography Reference List

References follow the text in a section headed "REFERENCES" All references used in the text must be listed in the reference section and vice versa. Publication information for each must be complete and correct.

List the references in alphabetical order by authors' last names; include first names and middle initials for all authors when available. If there are two or more entries by the same author(s), list them in order of the year of publication – see the entries below for the U.S. Bureau of the Census. If the cited material is unpublished but has been accepted for publication, use "Forthcoming" in place of the date and give the journal name or publisher. For dissertations and unpublished papers, cite the date and location the paper was presented or is available. If no date is available, use "N.d." in place of the date.

If two or more works are by the same author(s) within the same year, list them in alphabetical order by title and distinguish them by adding the letters a, b. c, etc., to the year (or to "Forthcoming") – see the Fitzpatrick and Goodman entries below. For multiple authorship, only the name of the first author is inverted (e.g., "Jones, Arthur B., Colin D. Smith, and James Petersen") – see the Roethlisberger entry below. List all authors; using "et al." in the reference section is not acceptable.

Citations that refer to web sites should include author’s name, date of posting/last revision, title of document, full URL, and date of access in parenthesis. For more detailed information on citing web sites, see Merriam Webster. 1998. Manual for Writers and Editors. Springfield, MA: Merriam Webster, Inc.

A few examples follow. See recent issues of ASR for further examples. For extended discussions on how to identify sources in a scholarly work, one of the following would be helpful: (1) Chapters 15 and 16 in The Chicago Manual of Style. 14^th ed. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press; or (2) Chapters 9 through 12 in Turabian, Kate L. 1996. A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations. 6^th ed. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press; or (3) Gibaldi, Joseph, ed. 1998. MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing. 2^nd ed. New York: Modern Language Association.

· Books:

one author

two authors

three authors

edited book

article from a
collection

republished
works

two books by
same author
in same year

volumes of
books

editions of a
book

Girden, Ellen R. 1996. Evaluating Research Articles from Start to Finish. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Bendix, Reinhard and Guenther Roth. 1980. Scholarship and Partisanship: Essays on Max Weber. Berkeley, CA:

Roethlisbeger, F.J., William J. Dickson, and Harold Wright. 1939. Management and the Worker: An Account of a Research Program Conducted by the Western Electric Company, Hawthorne Works, Chicago. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Pr.

Douglas, Jack D., ed. 1970. Deviance and Respectability: The Social Construction of Moral Meanings. New York: Basic

Millman, Marcia. 1992. "Kids at Fat Camp." Pp. 347-356 in Social Interaction: Readings in Sociology, edited by Candace Clark and Howard Robboy. New York: St. Martin's

Bernard, Claude. [1865] 1957. An Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine. Translated by H. C. Greene. New York: Dover.

Fitzpatrick, Joseph P. 1987a. One Church, Many Cultures: The Challenge of Diversity. Kansas City, MO: Sheed and Ward.

--------. 1987b. Puerto Rican Americans: The Meaning of Migration to the Mainland. 2^nd.ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1960. Characteristics of Population. Vol.1. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Noss, David S. 1999. A History of the World's Religions. 10^th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

· Journals:

Conger. Rand D. Forthcoming. "The Effects of Positive Feedback on Direction and Amount of Verbalization in a Social Setting." Sociological Perspectives.

Goodman, Leo A. I 947a. "The Analysis of Systems of Qualitative Variables When Some of the Variables Are Unobservable. Part I-A Modified Latent Structure Approach." American Journal of Sociology 79:1179-1259.

--------. 1947b. "Exploratory Latent Structure Analysis Using Both Identifiable and Unidentifiable Models." Biometrika 61:215-31.

· Collections:

Clausen, John A. 1972. "The Life Course of Individuals." Pp. 457-514 in Aging and Society, vol. 3, A Sociology of Age Stratification, edited by M.W. Riley, M. Johnson, and A. Foner. New York: Russell Sage.

Satripson, Robert J. 1992. "Family Management and Child Development Insights from Social Disorganization Theory." Pp 63 93 in Advances in Criminology Theory, vol. 3, Facts Frameworks, and Forecasts, edited by J. McCord. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.

· Citing a
Secondary
Source

Berger, Peter L. 1963. "Charisma and Religious Innovation: The Social Location of Israelite Prophecy." American Sociological Review 28:943. Quoted in Lang, Graeme and Lars Ragvald. 1998. "Spirit-Writing and the Development of Chinese Cults." Sociology of Religion 59:313.

· Government
Documents

U.S. Congress. 1950. House Subcommittee on the Study of Monopoly Power of the Committee on the Judiciary. Study of Monopoly Power: Hearing. 81^st Cong. 2d sess., pp. 788-91.

U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1960. Characteristics of Population. Vol.1. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

· Dissertations:

Charles, Maria. 1990. "Occupational Sex Segregation: A Log-Linear Analysis of Patterns in 25 Industrial Countries." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sociology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.

· Newspapers
and General
Circulation
Magazines

Maske, Monica. 1986. "McCarrick Appoints Key Officials in Major Archdiocese Reshuffling." Newark Star Ledger, 16 November, sec.1, p. 1.

Newark Star Ledger. 1995. "St. Ann’s Italian Festival to Celebrate 85^th Annual." 20 July, p. 63.

Karen, Robert. 1990 "Becoming Attached." Atlantic, February, pp. 35-70.

U.S. News and World Report. 1980. "Currents in the News." 22 February, p. 20.

· On-Line
Sources

Dalhousie, Duncan. 1996. "Scottish Clans" On-Line." 19 May. gopher://dept.english.upenn.edu:70//11Scots/Clan.txt (3 October 1997).

Walker, John. n.a. "Resources for Learning French." http://www.fourmilab.ch/francais/lfrench.html (12 August 1997).

· Machine
Readable
Data Files

American Institute of Public Opinion. 1976. Gallup Public Opinion Poll #965 [MRDF]. Princeton, NJ: American Institute of Public Opinion [producer]. New Haven, CT: Roper Public Opinion Research Center, Yale University [distributor].

The items used above as examples would appear as follows, arranged in alphabetical order by author, at the end of a research report or journal article:

REFERENCES