History of English Literature (to the Romantic Period)

                History of English Literature (to the Romantic Period)

SOURCE:  Norton Anthology of English Literature

Old English Period
        Bebe (ca. 673-735)
        _Beowulf_ (ca. 900)

14th and 15th Centuries
        Chaucer (1343-1400) _Canterbury Tales_ (1386)
        _Sir Gwain and the Green Knight_ (1375-1400)
        _Piers Plowman_ (1372-1389)
        _Everyman_ (1485) - Morality Play 
        _Robin Hood_ 
        Sir Thomas Mallory (1405-1471) _Death of Arthur_ (1485)
        Margery Kempe (1473-1438) Religious writings

16th Century (English Renaissance)
        Thomas More (1478-1535) - _Utopia_ (1516)
        Edmund Spenser (1552-1599) - _The Fairy Queen_ (1590-6)
        Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593)- _Dr. Faustus_ (1592)
        Shakespeare (1564-1616)
        Francis Bacon (1561-1626) philosophical essays 
        Mary Sidney Herbert (1562-1621)
        Lady Mary Wroth (1587-1651)
        Aemilia Lanyer (1569-1645) _Eve's Apology in Defence of Women_ (1611)
     
Methaphysical Poets (1600-1640)              
        John Donne (1572-1631)
        Robert Herrick (1591-1674)
        Geogre Herbert (1593-1633)
        Richard Crashaw (1613-1649)
        Henry Vaughan (1621-1695)
        Andrew Marvell (1621-1678)

  
Restoration/Neoclassical (1660-1798)
        Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) _Leviathan_ (1651)
        Milton (1608-1674) _Paradise Lost_ (1667)
        John Dryden (1631-1700)
        Daniel DeFoe (1660-1731) _Robinson Crusoe_ (1717)
        Jonathan Swift (1667-1745) _Gulliver's Travels_ (1726)
        Alexander Pope (1688-1744) _Essay on Criticism_ (1711)
                                   _Essay on Man_ (1733)
        Samual Johnson (1709-1784) _Dictonary_ (1747-55)    
        John Locke (1632-1704)  _An Essay Concerning Human Understanding_ 
                               (1690)
        Newton (1642-1727)
        Aphra Behn (1640-1689) [female dramatist]
        Anne Finsh (1661-1720)
        Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (1689-1762)
        Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-97) _Vidication of the Rights of Women_ 
                                      (1742)
        Phillis Wheatley (1753-84) African American in England
------------------------------------------------------------------------

ROYAL GENEOLOGY: (_Origins of the English Language_, Williams)

William the Conquerer 1066-1087 first Norman king
        William II (1087-1100) laws written in Norman Fr.
        Henry I (1100-1135) peaching in English
        Stephen (1135-1154)
        Henry II (1154-1189) "first king since William I to understand English"
                
Plantagenet Kings (1154-1377)
    Richard I (lion-hearted) [1189-1199] 
    John I [1199-1216]
    Henry III (1216-1233) "first public document in English in 200 years"
          marries Eleanor of Provence - influx of sourthn Fr.
          Barron's War -1258-65 Eng/FR Fr driven from Eng
    Edward I (1272-1307)
    Edward II (1307-1337) Beginning of Hundred Years' War with France
    Edward III (1337-1377) earliest legal material written in Middle English
    
Lancastrian Kings (1377-1461)   War of the Roses: cousins - Lancast. vs. York
        Richard II (1377-1399)  
        Henry IV (1399-1413) first monolingual English king
        Henry V (1413-1422) English victory at Agincourt
        Henry VI (1422-


Yorkist Kings (1461-1485)
        Edaward IV (-1485) 
        Richard III (1483-1485) defeated by Henry VII, first of the Tutors)
          According to legend, killed 2 of his brothers, 2 nephews, + 2 kings
                    to get throne. "My kingdom for a horse," was reported
                    said before he was killed by Henry on Bosworth Field. 
      
Tutors
        Henry VII - 1485-1509 maried Richard's dau and united York and Lancaster
        Henry VIII - 1509-1547 (founded Church of England)
        Edward VI 1537-1553 (Prot.)   son
        Mary ("Blood Mary") 1553-1558 (Cat.)   dau to Henry VIII by Catherine
        Elizabeth I 1558-1603 (Prot.) "Spanish Armada" 1558
                dau to Henry VIII by Anne Bolyn, second wife
        
Stuarts (Scottish background)
        James I (1603-1625)
        Charles I (1625-1640)- only English king to be beheaded
             ENGLISH CIVIL WAR 1640-1660 - Cromwell Commonwealth
        Charles II 1660-1685) (Restoration of the Stuarts)
        James II  (1685-1688) 
        Anne (1702-14) dau to James

House of Orange:
        William III and Mary (1688-1702)
        
Hanover (German background)
        George I (1714-27)
        George II (1727-60)
        George II (1760-1820)
        Victoria (1820-1903)

100,000 Normans, mostly in cities (Williams, _Origins of the English Langauge_)
English mostly in the countryside.