THE GREATER EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC WARS
The Fifteen Year War, 1931­1945

Some Suggested Reading in English
These are only a smattering of the vast literature on the war. Many official studies, much private publication, and huge quantities of popular and academic writings lie buried and waiting for you to unearth them. The books listed here are some of the best. This list emphasizes the Japanese side and includes few of the many popular books centering on military and naval operations told from the American and British perspective as they are much, much easier to track down.. Of course, the archives‹paper and microfiche/ microfilm‹also beckon. Most of the military histories of campaigns and individual battles has been omitted here, but see Reference works for detailed bibliographies.
REFERENCE
Sbrega, John J., The War Against Japan, 1941-1945. An Annotated Bibliography. 1989: Garland. Definitive bibliography of English language sources.
Ziegler, Janet, comp., World War II: Books in English, 1945-65. 1971: Hoover (Stanford)
Dear, I. C. B. and M. R. D. Foot, eds., The Oxford Companion to World War II. 1995: Oxford.
Griess, Thomas E., ed., Atlas for the Second World War. Asia and the Pacific. In The West Point Military History Series. 1985: Avery. See History below by Bradley.
Keegan, John, The Times Atlas of the Second World War. 1989: Harper & Row. Best atlas on the war yet produced.
__________, ed., Who's Who in World War II. 1995: Oxford. New edition, old stand-by.
Pimlott, John, The Historical Atlas of World War II. 1993: Henry Holt.
Baudot, et. al., The Historical Encyclopedia of World War II. 1989: Facts on File. Updated ed.
Smurthwaite, David, The Pacific War Atlas 1941-1945. 1995: Facts on File.

RECENT SECOND WORLD WAR HISTORIES
Weinberg, Gerhard, A World at Arms. 1994: Cambridge. The outstanding single-volume (a very big one) history of the war from a Global perspective. Self-confesses weakness on Japan.
Calvorcoressi, Peter, Guy Wint, and John Pritchard, Total War. Causes and Course of the Second World War. 2nd rev. ed. Massive history of the war, much improved by John Pritchard's new contributions. Volume 2 of the paperback edition is The Greater East Asia and Pacific Conflict. 1989: Pantheon. Highly recommended.
Willmott, H. P., The Great Crusade. 1990: Free Press. Historian of the Pacific theater tries his hand at the whole ball of wax.
Keegan, John, The Second World War. 1989: Viking. Survey by one of the world's best known military historians.
Parker, R.A.C., Struggle for Survival. The History of the Second World War. 1989: Oxford.
Gilbert, Martin, The Second World War. 1989: Holt. Heavily European view of the War by outstanding private historian.
Deighton, Len, Blood, Tears and Folly. An Objective Look at World War II. 1993: Harper Collins. Great adventure writer takes a look at the great struggle. Part 6 is on Japan.

SURVEY HISTORIES OF ASIAN AND PACIFIC WAR
Bateson, Charles, The War with Japan. A Concise History. 1968: Barrie & Rockliff. Quite British
Bradley, James et al, The Second World War. Asia and the Pacific. In The West Point Military History Series. 1984: Avery. See Atlas above by Ziegler.
Calvorcoressi, Peter, Guy Wint, and John Pritchard, The Greater East Asia and Pacific Conflict. Vol. 2 of Total War. Causes and Course of the Second World War. 2nd rev. ed. 1989: Pantheon.
Collier, Basil, The War in the Far East 1941-1945. A Military History. 1969: William Morrow. British history of the Pacific War.
Costello, John, The Pacific War. 1981: Rawson & Wade. Solid military history of the war which used the new records made available in the 1970s.
Ienaga, Saburô, The Pacific War 1931-1945. [1968] 1978: Pantheon. Progressive Japanese view of the war.
Spector, Ronald, The Eagle and the Sun. The American War with Japan. 1985: Macmillan. Solid narrative history of the Pacific conflict, from the US perspective.
Thorne, Christopher, Allies of a Kind: The United States and the War Against Japan 1941-1945. A look at the Anglo-American perspective on the Pacific/Southeast Asian conflict.
__________, The Issue of War: States, Societies, and the Far Eastern Conflict of 1941-1945. 1985: Oxford University Press.
Renzi, William A. and Mark D. Roehrs, Never Look Back. A History of World War II in the Pacific. New compact military history of the war. 1991: M.E. Sharpe.
Toland, John, The Rising Sun. 1970: Random House. The first full-scale survey including the Japanese perspective, by a great writer.
D'Albas, Andrieu, Death of a Navy. Japanese Naval Action in World War II. [1954]. 1957: Delvin-Adair. Translation of French history.
Dull, Paul S., A Battle History of The Imperial Japanese Navy (1941-1945). 1978: Naval Institute
Morrison, Samuel Eliot, Two-Ocean War or any of the volumes in his Naval History series on the Pacific War, including Vol. III: The Rising Sun.
van der Vat, Dan, The Pacific Campaign. World War II: The U.S.-Japanese Naval War 1941-1945. 1991: Simon & Schuster.
Dunnigan, James F. and Albert A. Nofi, Victory at Sea. World War II in the Pacific. 1995: Morrow. Fine survey by great team of popular historians‹expert in data presentation.
Coffey, Thomas M., Imperial Tragedy. 1970: Pinnacle.
Boyd, Carl and Akihiko Yoshida, The Japanese Submarine Force and World War II. 1995: U.S. Naval Institute. Doctrine, plans, disaster.
Itô Masanori with Roger Pinau, The End of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1956: W.W. Norton. An early treatment of Japan's fleet that complements Morrison.
Bergerud, Eric, Touched with Fire. The Land War in the South Pacific. 1996: Viking. The U.S. experience fighting across the Pacific.
Cameron, Craig M., American Samurai. Myth, Imagination, and the Conduct of Battle in the First Marine Division, 1941­1951. 1994: Cambridge University Press. Powerful look at how the Marines became more like the enemy they created.

CLASSIC OFFICIAL WAR HISTORIES
Australia in the War of 1939-1945. Series I (Army): Lionel Wigmore, Vol. IV. The Japanese Thrust. ; Dudley McCarthy, V. South-West Pacific Area‹First Year; David Dexter, VI. The New Guinea Offensives; Gavin Long, VII. The Final Campaigns.
History of the Second World War. United Kingdom Military Series. Campaigns. S. Woodburn Kirby, ed., The War Against Japan (5 vols).
Reports of General MacArthur. The Campaigns of MacArthur in the Pacific, 2 Vols, each of 2 parts. 1966: US Government Printing Office. Vol. I on US operations in the SW Pacific, Vol. 2 on Japanese Operations in the SW Pacific.
The U.S. Army in World War Two. The War in the Pacific. 10 vols.
The U.S. Marine Corps in World War Two.
Craven, Wesley Frank & James Lea Cate, eds., The Army Air Forces in World War II. Vol. IV, The Pacific: Guadalcanal to Saipan. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1950.
Vol. V, The Pacific: Matterhorn to Nagasaki June 1944 to August 1945. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1953.

WARS AND SOCIETIES
Cook, Haruko Taya and Theodore F. Cook, Japan at War. An Oral History. 1992: New Press.
Dower, John W., War without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War. 1986: Pantheon Books. The under- (and over-) currents.
Iriye, Akira, Power and Culture. The Japanese-American War 1941-1945. 1981: Harvard. Major study of US-Japan relations in crucible of war and transition to peace from two perspectives.
Marwick, Arthur, War and Social Change in the Twentieth Century. A Comparative Study of Britain, France, Germany, Russia and the United States. 1974: MacMillan. Pioneering work seeking to set forth the themes.
Marwick, Arthur, ed., Total War and Social Change. 1988: St. Martin's. Collection of articles supplementing and updating the field. Again, Japan is excluded.
Thorne, Christopher, The Issue of War: States, Societies, and the Far Eastern Conflict of 1941-1945. 1985: Oxford University Press. Outstanding scholar of British prewar diplomacy takes a look at the Allied societies in the war. Interesting to compare to Dower.
Terkel, Studs, The "Good War". An oral history of the American wartime experience. Excellent foil for Cook and Cook, Japan at War: An Oral History.
Cameron, Craig M., American Samurai; Myth, Imagination, and the Conduct of Battle in the First Marine Division, 1941-1951. 1994: Cambridge University Press. How the War came to make the Marines more and more like their enemies as they learned from themŠ
Dower, John W., "Race, Language, and War in Two Cultures," pp. 257-286 in Japan in War & Peace. 1993: New Press.
tenBroek, Jacobus, Barnhart, Edward N., and Matson, Floyd W., Prejudice, War, and the Constitution. Causes and Consequences of the Evacuation of the Japanese Americans in World War II. 1970: California. One of many excellent books.

DIPLOMACY AND THE ROAD TO WAR
Ike Nobutake, The Japanese Decision for War. Records of the 1941 Policy Conferences. 1967: Stanford. It is here we can see the decisions set down. Absolutely essential.
Shaeffer, Ralph K., ed., Toward Pearl Harbor. The Diplomatic Interchange between Japan and the United States, 1899­1941. 1991: Markus Weiner. Critical collection of documents on war.
Best, Anthony, Britain, Japan, and Pearl Harbor. Avoiding War in East Asia. 1995: Routledge.
Borg, Dorothy, The Far Eastern Crisis, 1931-1938 From the Manchurian Incident Through the Initial Stages of the Undeclared Sino-Japanese War. 1964: Harvard. A solid, standard.
Borg, Dorothy, and Shumpei Okamoto, eds., Pearl Harbor as History: Japanese-American Relations, 1931-1941. 1973: Columbia University. Key collection of paired articles.
Barnhart, Michael A., Japan Prepares for Total War. The Search for Economic Security, 1919-1941. 1987: Cornell. Getting ready for the conflict. Important update to Crowley (below).
Conroy, Hilary and Harry Wray, eds., Pearl Harbor Reexamined: Prologue to the Pacific War. 1990: University of Hawaii.
Crowley, James, Japan's Quest for Autonomy; National Security and Foreign Policy, 1930-1938. 1968: Princeton University Press.
Day, David, The Great Betrayal: Britain, Australia & the Onset of the Pacific War, 1939-42. 1988: Norton.
Feis, Herbert, The Road to Pearl Harbor. 1954 classic that defined the term.
Iriye, Akira, Pacific Estrangement; Japanese and American Expansion, 1897-1911. 1972: Harvard. Looking back beyond the obvious to the early turning points.
__________, The Origins of the Second World War in Asia and the Pacific. 1987: Longman. Short, pithy treatment.
__________, ed., Mutual Images. Essays in American-Japanese Relations. 1975: Harvard.
Marder, Arthur, Old Friends, New Enemies: The Royal Navy and the Imperial Japanese Navy‹Strategic Illusions, 1936-1941. 1982: Oxford University. Vol.1 of study incomplete at death.
__________, Old Friends, New Enemies: The Royal Navy and the Imperial Japanese Navy‹Strategic Illusions, 1942-1945. Completion of the work.
Marshall, Jonathan, To Have and Have Not: Southeast Asian Raw Materials and the Origins of the Pacific War. 1995: California. Follow the money, and the resources! Compare to Barnhart.
Morley, James William, ed., Japan's Road to the Pacific War. Translations from the 1961 Japanese classic series Taiheiyô sensô e no michi from Columbia University Press:
a.Japan Erupts: The London Naval Conference and the Manchurian Incident, 1928-1932. 1984.
b.The China Quagmire: Japan's Expansion on the Asian Continent 1933-1941. 1983.
c.Deterrent Diplomacy. Japan, German, and the USSR, 1935-1940. 1976.
d.The Fateful Choice: Japan's Advance into Southeast Asia, 1939-1941. 1980.
e.Japan's Road to the Pacific War: The Final Confrontation. 1994. D. Titus completes set!
Pelz, Stephen E., Race to Pearl Harbor. The Failure of the Second London Naval Conference and the Onset of World War II. 1974: Harvard. The naval race to disaster.
Willmott, H. P., Empires in the Balance. Japanese and Allied Pacific Strategies to April 1942. 1982: U. S. Naval Institute. Appraisal of Japanese strategy and refreshing assessment of Allied thinking. Draws on Kirby's The War with Japan, hard to get British official history.
Willmott, H. P., The Barrier and the Javelin. Japanese and Allied Pacific Strategies February to June 1942. 1983: U.S. Naval Institute. More good news.
Utley, Jonathan, Going to War with Japan 1937-1941. 1985: Tennessee. U.S. policy.
Divine, Robert A., The Reluctant Belligerent: American Entry into World War II. 1965: Wiley.
Goldstein, Erik and Maurer, John, eds., The Washington Conference, 1921­22. Naval Rivalry, East Asian Stability and the Road to Pearl Harbor. 1994: Frank Cass. See especially articles by Asada Sadao, David Armstrong, William R. Braisted, Thomas H. Buckley.
Grew, Joseph, Ten Years in Japan. 1942 record of America's ambassador in Tokyo. Britain's ambassador Craigie has a book too.
Craigie, Sir Robert, Behind the Japanese Mask. 1942: Hutchinson & Co. His Majesty's Ambassador to Japan 1937­1942 tells his version of events.
Moore, Frederick, With Japan's Leaders. An Intimate Record of Fourteen Years as Counsellor to the Japanese Government, Ending December 7, 1941. 1942: Charles Scribner's Sons.
Shigemitsu, Mamoru, Japan and her Destiny. My Struggle for Peace. 1958: Hutchinson. Japanese diplomat, convicted at Tokyo Trial, tells his story.
Fox, John P., Germany and the Far Eastern Crisis, 1931-1938. A Study in Diplomacy and Ideology. 1982: Oxford University Press.
Waldron, Arthur, ed., How the Peace Was Lost: The 1935 Memorandum "Developments Affecting American Policy in the Far East," Prepared for the State Department by John Van Antwerp MacMurray. 1991: Hoover Instituteion Press.
Sugihara, Seishiro, Japanese Perspectives on Pearl Harbor. A Critical Review of Japanese Reports on the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Pearl Harbor Attack. 1995: Asian Research Service.
Pritchard, R. John, Far Eastern Influences Upon British Strategy Towards the Great Powers, 1937­1939. 1987: Garland. LSE Ph.D thesis from 1979.
FICTIONAL AND FUTURE WARS
Bywater, Hector C., The Great Pacific War. 1928. [Reprinted 1991 by St. Martin's Press of New York with an introduction by William H. Honan]. A fictional history of a 1931 Pacific war.
Denlinger, Sutherland and Charles R. Gary, War in the Pacific. A Study of Navies, Peoples and Battle Problems. New York: Robert M. McBride & Co., 1936.
Lea, Homer, The Valor of Ignorance. 1911. Study of Pacific affairs including account of a war with Japan culminating in improbable invasion of the Pacific Coast. A good deal better than his The Day of the Saxon.
Miller, Edward S., War Plan Orange: The U.S. Strategy to Defeat Japan, 1897-1945. 1991: Naval Institute Press. Brilliant look at American long-term strategy viz-a-viz Japan.
Matsuo, Kinoaki, [pseud.?], How Japan Plans to Win [A translation by Kilsoo K. Haan of Sangoku dômei to Nichi-Bei sen (The Three-Power Alliance and a U.S.-Japanese War) 1940: Tokyo]. Boston: Little Brown, 1942.
Satô, Kojirô, If Japan and America Fight . Tokyo: 1921. A most revealing view of a future war from the point of view of a Japanese army general once called "Japan's Bernhardi."
Tanin, O. and E. Yohan [pseud.], When Japan Goes to War. 1936: Vanguard Press.
Tôta, Ishimaru, Lt.Cdr., IJN, [pseud.?], Japan Must Fight Britain. London: Hurst & Blackett, Ltd., 1936. One of the more interesting appeals for Britain to stand aside in East Asia so that Japan may grow.
Etherton, Col. P. T. and H. Hessell Tiltman, Japan: Mistress of the Pacific? 1934: Jarrolds. The "Britain of the Pacific"viewed as seeking mastery of the Great Ocean.
Puleston, W. D., The Armed Forces of the Pacific. A Comparison of the Military and Naval Power of the United States and Japan. 1941: Yale University. Fascinating contemporary study of war potential on eve of war.
Ross, Steven, ed., American War Plans. Garland Press. Reproductions of America's Pre-World War Two war plans.
Vlahos, Michael, The Blue Sword. The Naval War College and the American Mission, 1919­1941 1980: Naval War College Press. The course of the games fought by America's future admirals and their ideology.
Coppel, Alfred, The Burning Mountain. A Novel of the Invasion of Japan. 1983: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. A look at one of the most horrifying "might have been's".

PEARL HARBOR (A Fraction of all those out there)
Layton, Edwin T., with Roger Pineau & John Costello, "And I Was There": Pearl Harbor and Midway‹Breaking The Secrets.
Prange, Gordon W., At Dawn We Slept: The Untold Story of Pearl Harbor.
__________, December 7, 1941.
__________, with Donald M. Goldstein & Katherine V. Dillon, Pearl Harbor: The Verdict of History.
__________, with Donald M. Goldstein & Katherine V. Dillon, God's Samurai. Lead Pilot at Pearl Harbor. 1990: Brassey's.
Goldstein, Donald M. & Katherine V. Dillon, eds., The Pearl Harbor Papers. Inside the Japanese Plans. 1993: Brassey's. More materials socked away by Prange, but who needs him anymore‹editors on their own.
Toland, John, But Not in Shame. The Six Months After Pearl Harbor. 1961: Signet. Early classic on the opening days of the war.
_________, Infamy: Pearl Harbor and its Aftermath. 1991. A less well-received revisionist view.
Collier, Richard, The Road to Pearl Harbor: 1941. 1981: Bonanza.
Russett, Bruce M., No Clear and Present Danger: A Skeptical View of the United States Entry Into World War II. 1972: Harper & Row.
Wohlstetter, Roberta, Pearl Harbor: Warning and Decision. 1962: Stanford.
Tansill, Robert, Backdoor to War. 1946. The never-to-be-forgotten nasty on FDR.
Beard, Charles, President Roosevelt and the Coming of the War 1941. 1946: Oxford. A slightly better version by a great historian.
Trefousse, H. L., "Germany and Pearl Harbor," Far Eastern Quarterly. 11.1 (1951), 35-50.

SINGAPORE (Almost as many available in Britian and Australia as on Pearl in the US.)
Allen, Louis, Singapore 1941-1942 Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1977. Wonderful treatment on a bookshelf-filling topic.
Shores, Christopher and Brian Cull with Yasuho Izawa, Bloody Shambles. London: Grub Street Press. 1992: Vol. 1: The Drift to War to the Fall of Singapore. 1993: Vol. 2 The Defence of Sumatra to the Fall of Burma. Self-styled‹accurately‹ "first comprehensive account of Air Operations over South-East Asia December 1941-May 1942."
Tsuji, Masanobu, Singapore, The Japanese Version. [1951] paperback new edition as Japan's Greatest Victory. Britain's Worst Defeat. New York: Sarpedon, 1993.
Shinozaki, Mamoru, SyonaN­My Story. The Japanese Occupation of Singapore. Singapore: Asia-Pacific Press, 1975. Fascinating memoir of leading Japanese civilian figure in the Japanese administration of the city.

CODES & CODE-BREAKING
Drea. Edward J., MacArthur's Ultra. Codebreaking and the War against Japan, 1942-1945. 1992: Kansas. Amazing history of the secret war's real impact.
Lewin, Ronald, The Other Ultra; Codes, Ciphers and the Defeat of Japan. 1982: Hutchinson. Published in the U.S. as American Magic.
Prados, John, Combined Fleet Decoded. The Secret History of American Intelligence and the Japanese Navy in World War II. 1995: Random House. Outstanding new study.
Spector, Ronald, ed., Listening to the Enemy; Key Documents on the Role of Communications Intelligence in the War with Japan. 1988: Scholarly Resources. Fine documentary source.
Boyd, Carl, Hitler's Japanese Confidant: General Ôshima Hiroshi and Magic Intelligence, 1941­1945. 1993: University Press of Kansas.
Thorpe, Elliott R. (Brig. Gen.), East Wind, Rain. The Intimate Account of an Intelligence Officer in the Pacific 1939­49. 1969: Gambit.
Cruickshank, Charles, SOE in the Far East. 1983: Oxford. Britain's Special Operations Executive.

THE SINO-JAPANESE CONFLICT OF 1931-1945
Ogata, Sadako N., Defiance in Manchuria. The Making of Japanese Foreign Policy, 1931-1932. 1964: California. Another view on the Manchurian Incident.
Yoshihashi Takehiko, Conspiracy at Mukden. The Rise of the Japanese Military. 1963: Yale. Origins in Manchuria in 1931.
Peattie, Mark R., Ishiwara Kanji and Japan's Confrontation with the West. 1974: Princeton. Biography of the officer instrumental in the seizure of Manchuria.
Bamba, Nobuya, Japanese Diplomacy in a Dilemma. New light on Japan's China Policy 1924-1929. 1972: University of British Columbia.
Boyle, John H., China and Japan at War, 1937-1945: The Politics of Collaboration. 1972: Stanford. Key study of the Wang régime.
Bunker, Gerald E., The Peace Conspiracy: Wang Ching-wei and the China War, 1937-1941. 1972: Harvard.
Burns, Richard Dean & Edward M. Bennett, eds., Diplomats in Crisis: United States­Chinese­Japanese Relations, 1919­1941. 1974: ABC Clio.
Hung, Chang-tai, War and Popular Culture: Resistance in Modern China, 1937­1945. 1994: University of California.
Coble, Parks M., Facing Japan. Chinese Politics and Japanese Imperialism, 1931-1937. 1991: Harvard.
Dorn, Frank, The Sino-Japanese-War, 1937-1941: From The Marco Polo Bridge to Pearl Harbor. 1974: Macmillan.
Dreyer, Edward L., China at War 1901-1949. 1995: Longman. New history of war in China.
Eastman, Lloyd, Seeds of Destruction: Nationalist China in War and Revolution, 1937-1945. 1984: Stanford University Press.
Hsiung, James C. & Steven I. Levine, eds., China's Bitter Victory. The War with Japan 1937-1945. 1992: Sharpe. At last, the China war gets modern scholarly treatment. Key collection
Johnson, Chalmers A., Peasant Nationalism and Communist Power: The Emergence of Revolutionary China, 1937-1945. 1962: Stanford University. Emphasis on Japan's role.
Lee, Bradford, Britain and the Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1941. Diplomatic side-board.
Li, Lincoln, The Japanese Army in North China, July 1937-December 1941: Problems of Political and Economic Control. 1975: Oxford University Press.
Lindsay, Michael, The Unknown War: North China, 1937-1945. 1975: Bergstrom & Boyle.
Lu, David J., From the Marco Polo Bridge to Pearl Harbor. Japan's Entry into World War II. 1961: Public Affairs Press.
Liu, F. F., A Military History of Modern China, 1924­1949. 1956: Princeton.
Sih, Paul K. T., ed., Nationalist China During the Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945. 1977: Exposition Press. A few glimpses of the China-Japan War.
Stanley, Roy M., II, Prelude to Pearl Harbor. War in China, 1937-41. Japan's Rehearsal for World War II. 1982: Charles Scribner's Sons.
Taylor, George, Japanese Sponsored Regime in North China. 1939: Institute of Pacific Relations.
Thorne, Christopher, Allies of a Kind: The United States and the War Against Japan 1941-1945. A look at the Anglo-American perspective on the Pacific/Southeast Asian conflict.
Timperley, H. J., Japanese Terror in China. New York: Modern Age, 1938. An eye-witness account of the Nanjing massacre.
Utley, Freda, China at War. (1939). Sharp-eyed journalist on the spot.
Wilson, Dick, When Tigers Fight. The Story of the Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945.1982: Viking.
Chamberlain, William H., Japan Over Asia. Revised edition, 1937: Little, Brown.
Lee, Chong-sik, Revolutionary Struggle in Manchuria: Chinese Communism and Soviet Interest, 1922­1945. 1983: California.
__________, Counterinsurgency in Manchuria: The Japanese Experience. 1967: Rand Corporation Memorandum RM-5012-ARPA.
Young, Arthur N., China and the Helping Hand, 1937­1945. 1963: Harvard.
Young, Louise, "Imagined Empire: The Cultural Construction of Manchukuo," in Duus, Myers, and Peattie, eds., The Japanese Wartime Empire, 1931-1945 1996: Princeton University Press, 71-96.
Myers, Ramon H., "Creating an Enclave Economy: The Economic Integration of Japan, Manchuria, and North China, 1932­1945,"in Duus, Myers, and Peattie, eds., The Japanese Wartime Empire, 1931-1945 1996: Princeton, 136­170. See Lincoln Li.

GERMANY AND JAPAN
Morley, James W., ed., Deterrent Diplomacy: Japan, Germany and the U.S.S.R., 1935-1940. 1976: Columbia University Press. Ôhata Tokushirô on the "Anti-Comintern Pact" and Hosoya Chihiro on "The Tripartite Pact."
Liu, James T.C., "German Mediation in the Sino-Japanese War, 1937-38," Far Eastern Quarterly. 8.2 (1949), 157-171.
Presseisen, Ernst L., German and Japan: A Study in Totalitarian Diplomacy, 1933-1941. 1958: Martinus Nijhoff.
Schroeder, Paul W., The Axis Alliance and Japanese-American Relations, 1941. 1958: Cornell.
Hauner, Milan, India in Axis Strategy: Germany, Japan, and Indian Nationalists in the Second World War. 1981: Klett-Cotta.
Fox, John P., Germany and the Far Eastern Crisis, 1931-1938. A Study in Diplomacy and Ideology. 1982: Oxford University Press.
Trefousse, H. L., "Germany and Pearl Harbor," Far Eastern Quarterly. 11.1 (1951), 35-50.
Bloch, Kurt, German Interests and Policies in the Far East. 1939: Institute of Pacific Relations.
Meskill, Johanna Menzel, Hitler and Japan: The Hollow Alliance. 1966: Atherton.
Ikle, Frank W., "Japan's Policies Toward Germany,"in J. W. Morley, ed., Japan's Foreign Policy. 1974: Columbia, 265-339.
__________, German­Japanese Relations, 1936­1940: A Study of Totalitarian Diplomacy. 1956: Bookman Associates.
Boyd, Carl, The Extraordinary Envoy: General Hiroshi Ôshima and Diplomacy in the Third Reich, 1934­1939. 1980: University Press of America.
__________, Hitler's Japanese Confidant: General Ôshima Hiroshi and Magic Intelligence, 1941­1945. 1993: University Press of Kansas.
Gann, L. H., "Reflections on the Japanese and German Empires of World Wr II," in Duus et al, eds., The Japanese Wartime Empire, 1931-1945 1996: Princeton, 335­362.

USSR, JAPAN, AND WAR
Morley, James W., ed., Deterrent Diplomacy: Japan, Germany and the U.S.S.R., 1935-1940. 1976: Columbia University Press. Ôhata Tokushirô on the "Anti-Comintern Pact" and Hata Ikuhiko on "The Japanese-Soviet Confrontation, 1935-1939.".
Coox, Alvin D., Nomonhan: The Soviet-Japanese War of 1939. 1987: Stanford. 2 vols. Complete history of the great battle.
Coox, Alvin D., Anatomy of a Small War. Chengkufiang. The Soviet-Japanese Struggle for Chankugeng/Khansan, 1938. 1977: Greenwood. The border fight at Lake Khasan.
Kikuoka, Michael T., The Changkufeng Incident. A Study in Soviet-Japanese Conflict, 1938. 1988: University Press of America.
Glantz, Lt. Col. David M., August Storm: The Soviet 1945 Strategic Offensive in Manchuria. Leavenworth Papers, No. 7. Feb. 1983.
Glantz, Lt. Col. David M., August Storm: Soviet 1945 Tactics and Operations in Manchuria. Leavenworth Papers.
Moore, Harriet, Soviet Far Eastern Diplomacy, 1931-1945. 1945: Princeton.
Kutakov, Leonid L., Japanese Foreign Policy on the Eve of the Pacific War: A Soviet View. 1972: Diplomatic Press.
Lensen, George Alexander, The Strange Neutrality: Soviet-Japanese Relations During the Second World War, 1941-1945. 1972: Diplomatic Press.
Haslam, Jonathan, The Soviet Union and the Threat from the East, 1933-41: Moscow, Tokyo, and the Prelude to the Pacific War. 1992: University of Pittsburgh Press.
U.S. Department of Defense, The Entry of the Soviet Union Into the War Against Japan: Military Plans, 1941-1945. 1955: Government Publications Office.
JAPANESE SOCIETY AT WAR
Benedict, Ruth, The Chrysanthemum and the Sword. Anthropologist's views of Japanese psychology were used to assess and develop Allied strategic ideas.
Cook, Haruko Taya and Theodore F. Cook, Japan at War: An Oral History. 1992: New Press.
Gauntlett, John Owen, trans. and Robert King Hall, ed., Kokutai no Hongi: Cardinal Principles of the National Entity of Japan. 1949: Harvard. Official statement of orthodoxy, issued 1937.
Guillain, Robert, I Saw Tokyo Burning. 1970s rewrite of author's wartime experiences as a pro-Vichy French journalist in Japan.
Havens, Thomas R. H., Valley of Darkness: The Japanese People and World War Two. 1976: W. W. Norton. Perceptive study of the social dimensions of the war with first treatment of Japanese women's wartime experience in English.
Holtom, D. C., Modern Japan and Shinto Nationalism. 1943 & 1947 rev. edition. University of Chicago treatment of "Japan's national religion."
Hoyt, Edwin P., Japan's War. Survey by war history's Isaac Azimov (in terms of productivity).
Iritani Toshio, Group Psychology of the Japanese in Wartime. 1990: Kegan Paul International.
Johnston, Bruce F., Japanese Food Management in World War II. [1953] Stanford University. A classic in an under-utilized genre.
Kasza, Gregory J., The State and the Mass Media in Japan 1918­1945. 1988: California.
Shillony, Ben-Ami, Politics and Culture in Wartime Japan. A look at continuities. 1981: Oxford.
Tsurumi, Kazuko, Social Change & the Individual: Japan Before & After Defeat in World War II. 1970: Princeton.
Tsurumi, Shunsuke, An Intellectual History of Wartime Japan, 1931-1945. 1986: Keegan Paul.
Dower, John W., "Sensational Rumors, Seditious Graffiti, and the Nightmares of the Thought Police," pp. 101-154 in Japan in War & Peace. 1993: New Press.
Miller, Frank O., Minobe Tatsukichi. Interpreter of Constitutionalism in Japan. 1965: California.
Hicks, George, The Comfort Women; Japan's Brutal Regime of Enforced Prostitution in the Second World War. 1995: Norton.

LITERATURE AND FILMS OF WAR
Hino, Ashihei, Wheat and Soldiers. 1938. Telling tale from the China front.
Noma, Hiroshi, Zone of Emptiness Bernard Frechtman, trans. 1956: World.
Ôoka, Shôhei, Fires on the Plain, Ivan Morris, trans. 1957: Knopf.
Osaragi, Jirô, Homecoming. Brewster Horowitz, trans. 1955: Knopf.
Takeyama, Michio, Harp of Burma Howard Hibbett, trans. 1966: Tuttle.
Tanizaki Jun'ichiro, The Makioka Sisters. Tuttle. Novel banned in 1944 as too trivial, too quiet
Saitô Sanki, Kobe Hotel. 1993: Weatherhill. War viewed by a poet from a run-down Kobe inn.
Ishiguro, Kazuo, A Pale View of Hills. 1982: Vintage. A novel on memories of war by author of The Remains of the Day.
Ôe, Kenzaburô, Hiroshima Notes. 1995: Marion Boyars. Reissue in English of observations by Nobel Prize for Literature Winner's 1965 classic essays.
__________, ed., The Crazy Iris and Other Stories of the Atomic Aftermath. 1993: Grove. Ôe's selection of literary responses to the A-bombs, including some of the greatest short stories.
__________, et al, The Catch and Other War Stories. 1995: Kodansha. Four stories by leading Japanese authors on war, with Ôe's title story about a captured American flyer.
Ibuse, Masuji, Black Rain. Extraordinary novel of life after Hiroshima.
Keene, Donald, "Japanese Writers and the Greater East Asian War," Appreciations of Japanese Culture. pp. 300-321. 1971: Kodansha International. 1981, pb. Intellectual complicity..
Dick, Bernard F., "Japs on Their Minds," from his Star-Spangled Screen: The American World War II Film. 230-239. 1985: University Press of Kentucky. Powerful piece on film & race.
Dower, John W., "Japanese Cinema Goes to War," pp. 33-54, "Japanese Artists and the Atomic Bomb," pp. 242-256, and "Graphic Others/Graphic Selves: Cartoons in War and Peace," pp. 287-300 in Japan in War & Peace. 1993: New Press.
Treat, John Whittier, Writing Ground Zero. Japanese Literature and the Atomic Bomb. 1995: U of Chicago. How literature and writers have struggled with the bombs.

JAPANESE VIEWS OF THE CONFLICT
Cook, Haruko Taya and Theodore F. Cook, Japan at War: An Oral History. 1992: New Press.
Evans, David C., ed., The Japanese Navy in World War II. In the Words of Former Japanese Naval Officers. [1969] 1989, 2nd. Ed: Naval Institute Press.
Hanama, Tasaki, Long the Imperial Way. A postwar novel of unknown origin.
Hata, Ikuhiko and Yasuho Izawa, ed., Japanese Naval Aces and Fighter Units in World War II. 1989: Naval Institute Press.
Katô, Masuo, The Lost War: A Japanese Reporter's Inside Story. 1946: Knopf.
Kodama Yoshio, I Was Defeated. 1951: Booth & Fukuda. A fixer gets his say.
Kahn, E. J., The Stragglers. 1962: Random House. Japanese soldiers for whom the war did not end in 1945.
Lartéguy, Jean, ed., The Sun Goes Down. Last Letters from Japanese Suicide-Pilots and Soldiers. London: William Kimber, 1956. Translations from the first Japanese war letter works.
Ogawa, Tetsuro, Terraced Hell: A Japanese Memoir of Defeat and Death in Northern Luzon, Philippines. 1972: Tuttle. Good to compare with O(O,‹)oka's novel.
Onoda, Hiroo, No Surrender. My Thirty-year War. 1974: Dell. Emerging from the jungles of the Philippines after thirty years!
Ota Masahide, The Battle of Okinawa. The Typhoon of Steel and Bombs. 1984: Kume Publishing. Leading Japanese scholar's history of the battle. (He is now governor of Okinawa).
Sakai, Saburô, Samurai. [1956] A Zero pilot tells his story.
Tsuji, Masanobu, Singapore, The Japanese Version. [1951] A tale by one of the Imperial Japanese Army staff officers most responsible. New edition as Japan's Greatest Victory. Britain's Worst Defeat. New York: Sarpedon, 1993.
Shinozaki, Mamoru, SyonaN­My Story. The Japanese Occupation of Singapore. Singapore: Asia-Pacific Press, 1975. He begins and ends in Changi.
Hayashi, Saburô (in collaboration with Alvin D. Coox), Kôgun. The Japanese Army in the Pacific War. 1959 (recently reprinted in paper).
Tsurumi, Kazuko, Social Change & the Individual: Japan Before & After Defeat in World War II. 1970: Princeton.
Yahara, Hiromichi. (Col.), The Battle for Okinawa. A Japanese Officer's Eyewitness Account of the Last Great Campaign of World War II. 1995: John Wiley & Sons. Outstanding source on military mind in Okinawa.

THE "GREATER EAST ASIA CO-PROSPERITY SPHERE"
Duus, Peter, Ramon H. Myers, and Mark R. Peattie, eds., The Japanese Wartime Empire, 1931-1945. 1996: Princeton University Press. Powerful collection of articles extending the authors' earlier efforts on Japanese colonialism and empire building.
Jones, F. C., Japan's New Order in East Asia, 1937-1945. 1954: Oxford. Classic study of the apparatus of Empire.
Duus, Peter, "Japan's Wartime Empire: Problems and Issues," in Duus, Myers, and Peattie, eds., The Japanese Wartime Empire, 1931-1945. 1996: Princeton, xi-xlvii.
Eckert, Carter, J., "Total War, Industrialization, and Social Change in Late Colonial Korea," in Duus, Myers, Peattie, eds., Japanese Wartime Empire, 1931-1945. 1996: Princeton, 3-39.
Nakamura, Takafusa, "The Yen Bloc, 1931­1941," in Duus, Myers, and Peattie, eds., The Japanese Wartime Empire, 1931-1945. 1996: Princeton, 171­188.
Goodman, Grant K., Japanese Cultural Policies in Southeast Asia during World War 2. 1991: Macmillan. Collection of articles on cultural imperialism and Pan-Asianism.
Lebra, Joyce C., ed., Japan's Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere in World War II. Selected Readings and Documents. Vital collection of primary sources. Oxford.
Lebra, Joyce C., Japanese-Trained Armies in Southeast Asia. 1977: Columbia. How Japan organized the manpower of the conquered areas in WW II.
__________, Jungle Alliance: Japan and the Indian National Army. 1971: Asia Pacific Press. Leading scholar's treatment of Indian cooperation with Japan.
Sareen, Dr. T. R., Japan and the Indian National Army. 1986 history published in Delhi.
Peattie, Mark R., Nan'yo: The Rise and Fall of the Japanese in Micronesia, 1885-1945. 1988: Hawaii. Definitive and fascinating.
Stephan, John, Hawaii Under the Rising Sun: Japan's Plans for Conquest After Pearl Harbor. 1984: University of Hawaii Press. Extraordinary story of Japan's future plans for Hawaii.
Trager, Frank N., ed., Burma: Japanese Military Administration, Selected Documents, 1941-1945. How military occupation was organized in one former British colony.
Shinozaki, Mamoru, SyonaN­My Story. The Japanese Occupation of Singapore. Singapore: Asia-Pacific Press, 1975. Experiences of administrator, intelligence operative, and fosterer of Chinese collaboration.
Friend, Theodore, The Blue-Eyed Enemy. Japan Against the West in Java and Luzon, 1942-1945. 1988: Princeton University Press.
Satô, Shigeru, War, Nationalism, and Peasants. Java Under the Japanese Occupation, 1942­1945 1995: M. E. Sharpe.
Gotô, Ken'ichi, "Cooperation, Submission, and Resistance of Indigenous Elites of Southeast Asia in the Wartime Empire," in Duus, Myers, and Peattie, eds., The Japanese Wartime Empire, 1931-1945. 1996: Princeton, 274­304.
Weiner, Michael, Race and Migration in Imperial Japan. 1994: Routledge. Korean immigration before and during the war.

THE SHÔWA EMPEROR: Emperor Hirohito (1901­1989, r. 1926-1989)
Large, Stephen S., Emperor Hirohito & Shôwa Japan. A political biography. 1992: Routledge. Balanced survey using good sources.
Titus, David Anson, Palace & Politics in Prewar Japan 1974: Columbia University Press. Outstanding study of the Palace bureaucracy and leadership in Japan's political matrix, with special attention to Kidô.
Nakamura, Masanori, The Japanese Monarchy; Ambassador Joseph Grew and the Making of the 'Symbol Emperor System,' 1931­1991. 1992: M. E. Sharpe. The Japanese Imperial institution under American interpretation and Occupation tutelage.
Packard, Jerrold M., Sons of Heaven. A Portrait of the Japanese Monarchy. 1987: Charles Scribner's Sons. A 'popular' history of the whole imperial line from the mythical start in 660 B.C. The Shôwa emperor gets the last 50 of 300 pages. Good appendices.
Bergamini, David, Japan's Imperial Conspiracy. 1971: William Morrow and Co. You name it, He did it. The bible of the Hirohito conspiracy theorists. It asks many of the right questions. The problem is where he says he finds the answers.
Behr, Edward, Hirohito; Behind the Myth. 1989: Villard Books. A reworking of Bergamini's notes; a well-written volume, far slimmer than original, but with most of the same flaws.
Osanagi Kanroji, Hirohito; An Intimate Portrait of the Japanese Emperor. 1975: Gateway. An imperial attendant for seventy years doesn't bite the hand that fed him.
Hoyt, Edwin P., Hirohito; The Emperor and the Man. 1989: Praeger. This consummate "synthesizer" writes other people's work out beautifully. Quite uncharacteristically‹and in absolute contradiction to half his previous work‹ decides, "'They' made him do it."
Mosley, Leonard, Hirohito: Emperor of Japan (1971) Fawning "biography." A miss.
Crump, Thomas, The Death of an Emperor; Japan at the Crossroads. London: Constable, 1989. A biography and a memorial.
Field, Norma, In the Realm of the Dying Emperor. 1989: Pantheon. Prize-winning personal look at late Shôwa Japan by leading professor of Japanese literature.
Irokawa, Daikichi, The Age of Hirohito. In Search of Modern Japan. 1995: Free Press. Leading historian surveys the imperial family's role since 1926. See esp. "War and Peace," 3-39.
Kido, Kôichi, The Diary of Marquis Kido, 1931-1945: Selected Translations into English. 1984: University Publications of America. Hirohito's key aide and his special "diary."
Chichibu, H.I.H. Setsuko Princess, The Silver Drum. A Japanese Imperial Memoir. 1996: Global. [1991 in Japan].Unremarkable "memoir" by wife of one of Hirohito's brothers.

JAPANESE LEADERS
Agawa, The Reluctant Admiral; Yamamoto and the Imperial Navy. Kodansha. The Admiral didn't want to do it. See W.D. Potter.
Potter, William Dean, Admiral of the Pacific. Yes he did.
Brown, Courtney, Tojo: The Last Banzai. Interesting look at Tokyo's leader 1941-1944.
Butow, Robert C., Tojo and the Coming of the War. 1961: Stanford. The key book on Japan's war-time leader's role in bringing about the conflict.
Coox, Alvin D., Tojo. Ballantine: 1975. Short bio and photo record of wartime leader. For comparison with others on the "generalissimo."
Ugaki Motome, Admiral, Fading Victory. The Diary of Admiral Matome Ugaki 1941­1945. [trans. Chihaya Masataka] 1991: Pittsburgh. Critical, and rare, record of Admiral Ugaki's.
Hane, Mikiso, trans., Emperor Hirohito and His Chief Aide-De-Camp: The Honjô Diary, 1933-36. 1982: University of Tokyo Press. Key glimpse of throne-Army relations.
Hoyt, Edwin P. Warlord; Tojo Against the World. 1993: Scarborough House.
Oka, Yoshitake, Konoe Fumimaro. A Political Biography. :1983: University of Tokyo Press.
Storry, G. R. [Richard], "Konoye Fuminaro, 'The Last of the Fujiwara,'" Far Eastern Affairs, Number Two. St. Antony's Papers, Number 7. London: Chatto & Windus, 1960. 9-23. Interesting work on the man.
Potter, John D., A Soldier Must Hang. A Biography of an Oriental General. 1963: Muller. Why Yamashita met the end he did.
__________, Yamamoto: The Man Who Menaced America. 1965: Viking.
Swinton, Arthur, Four Samurai. A Quartet of Japanese Army Commanders in the Second World War. London: 1968. The careers of generals Honma Masaharu, Yamashita Tomoyuki, Mutaguchi Renya, Honda Masaki.
Kido, Kôichi, The Diary of Marquis Kido, 1931-1945: Selected Translations into English. 1984: University Publications of America. Hirohito's key aide and his special "diary."
Dower, John W., "Postscript: Two Reflections on the Death of the Shôwa Emperor," 337-338 and "The Emperor in War and Peace: Views from the West," 339-348 Japan in War & Peace

THE "RAIN OF FIRE"
Werrell, Kenneth P., Blankets of Fire. U.S. Bombers over Japan during World War II. 1992: Smithsonian. Outstanding new treatment for Smithsonian History of Aviation Series.
Caidin, Martin, A Torch to the Enemy. The Fire Raid on Tokyo. [1960] 1992: Bantam. A frank look at the purpose.
Kerr, E. Bartlett, Flames Over Tokyo. The U.S. Army Air Forces' Incendiary Campaign Against Japan 1944-1945. 1991: Donald Fine. Detailed treatment of the planning and weaponry.
Edoin Hoito [You guessed it, really Edwin Hoyt], The Night Tokyo Burned. The Incendiary Campaign Against Japan, March-August, 1945. 1987: St. Martin's Press.
Craven, Wesley Frank & James Lea Cate, eds., The Army Air Forces in World War II. Vol. 5, The Pacific: Matterhorn to Nagasaki June 1944 to August 1945. Chicago: U. Chicago, 1953.
LeMay, Gen. Curtis, USAF, Mission With LeMay. Candid memoirs of man who made it happen.

HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI (A Tiny Fraction; See Also Literature and Films Above)
Hersey, John, Hiroshima. 1946: Bantam. The first vision of Hell to reach the world at large.
Lifton, Robert J., Death in Life: Survivors of Hiroshima. 1967: Random. Bomb psychology.
Hachiya, Michihiko, Hiroshima Diary: The Journal of a Japanese Physician, August 6-September 30, 1945. 1955: University of North Carolina Press.
Jenkins, Rupert, ed., Nagasaki Journey. The Photographs of Yosuke Yamahata August 10, 1945. 1995: Charles E. Tuttle. Critical collection accompanying "Nagasaki Journey," an exhibition of photographs of the aftermath of Nagasaki by Yamahata Yosuke (1917­1966).
Ibuse, Masuji, Black Rain. A translation by John Bester of Kuroi Ame, 3rd edition. 1981: Kodansha International. The most famous novel of the A-bomb's aftermath.
Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK), ed., Unforgettable Fire: Pictures Drawn by Atomic Bomb Survivors. 1977: Pantheon.
Kanda, Mikio, ed., Widows of Hiroshima. The Life Stories of Nineteen Peasant Wives. 1989: Macmillan [Translation from the Iwanami Press book published in 1982.]
Minear, Richard H., ed. & trans., Hiroshima: Three Witnesses. 1990: Princeton. Key works by Hara Tamiki, Ôta Yôko, and Tôge Sankichi with key bibliography.
Selden, Kyoko and Mark, eds., The Atomic Bomb Voices from Hiroshima and Nagasaki. 1989: M.E. Sharpe.
Chinnock, Frank W., Nagasaki: The Forgotten Bomb. 1969: World.
Ôe, Kenzaburô, Hiroshima Notes. [trans. David L. Swain & Toshi Yonezawa] 1981: Grove.
Treat, John Whittier, Writing Ground Zero. Japanese Literature and the Atomic Bomb. 1995: U of Chicago. How literature and writers have struggled with the bombs.
Burchett, Wilfred, Shadows of Hiroshima. 1983: Thetford. London Daily Express reprinted from his September 1945 reports.
Dower, John W. and John Junkerman, eds., The Hiroshima Murals: The Art of Iri Maruki and Toshi Maruki. 1985: Kôdansha. Maruki's experience, see Cook & Cook Japan at War.

THE USE OF THE ATOMIC BOMB AND THE DEBATE EVER SINCE
Rhodes, Richard, The Making of the Atomic Bomb. 1988: Simon & Schuster. Definitive history of the Manhattan Project.
Alperowitz, Gar, Atomic Diplomacy. Hiroshima and Potsdam. 1965, 1985: Vintage.
Alperowitz, Gar, The Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb and the Architecture of an American Myth. 1995: Alfred Knopf. Controversial stimulus to further debate.
Bernstein, Barton J., ed., The Atomic Bomb: The Critical Issues. 1976: Little, Brown. Just one of his many publications on the subject.
__________. "The Perils and Politics of Surrender: Ending the War with Japan and Avoiding the Third Atomic Bomb," Pacific Historical Review 46.1 (1977), 1-27.
Boyer, Paul, By the Bomb's Early Light: American Thought and Culture at the Dawn of the Atomic Age. 1985: Pantheon.
Cary, Otis, "Secret Documents: Atomic Bomb Targeting‹Myths and Realities." Japan Quarterly, 26 (Oct-Dec 1979), 506-514. Details of nuclear selection.
Hogan, Michael J., ed., Hiroshima in History and Memory. 1996: Cambridge. Reissue of the Summer 1995 Special issue of the periodical Diplomatic History. Indispensable.
Pacific War Research Society, The Day Man Lost: Hiroshima, 6 August 1945. 1983: Kodansha.
Sherwin, Martin J., A World Destroyed: The Atomic Bomb and the Grand Alliance. rev. ed. (1975) 1987 : Knopf.
Wilcox, Robert K., Japan's Secret War. Japan's Race Against Time to Build Its Own Atomic Bomb. 1985: Morrow.
Lifton, Robert Jay and Greg Mitchell, Hiroshima in America. Fifty Years of Denial. 1995: G.P. Putnam's Sons. Extraordinary look at the history of Hiroshima in the US.
Maddox, Robert James, Weapons for Victory. The Hiroshima Decision Fifty Years Later. 1995: University of Missouri.
Nobile, Philip, ed., Judgment at the Smithsonian. The Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. 1995: Marlowe & Co. The original script and the revisions by the anti-revisionist neo-pseudo revisionists and the meaning of historical inquiry.
Takaki, Ronald, Hiroshima. Why America dropped the Bomb. 1995: Little, Brown . "Was it race?" the noted student of Asian American experience asks.
Dower, John W., "'NI' and 'F': Japan's Wartime Atomic Bomb Research," pp. 55-100 in Japan in War & Peace. 1993: New Press.
Braw, Monica, The Atomic Bomb Suppressed: American Censorship in Occupied Japan. 1991: M.E. Sharpe.
Moskin, J. Robert, Mr. Truman's War. The Final Victories of World War II and the Birth of the Postwar World. 1996: Random House. What was in Mr. Truman's mind?
Newman, Robert P., Truman and the Hiroshima Cult. 1995: Michigan State University Press. A spirited defense of Truman
Linenthal, Edward T. and Tom Engelhardt, eds., History Wars. The Enola Gay and Other Battles for the American Past. 1996: Metropolitan Books. Historical controversy and American war.
Nobile, Philip, Judgment at the Smithsonian. Includes "The Crossroads: The End of World War II, The Atomic Bomb and the Origins of the Cold War," the script by the curators of the National Air and Space Museum. 1995: Marlowe & Co.
Bosworth, R. J. B., Explaining Auschwitz & Hiroshima. History Writing and the Second World War 1945­1990. 1996: Routledge.
Perlman, Michael, Imaginal Memory and the Place of Hiroshima. 1988: State University of NY. What is memory and how has Hiroshima "created" its images?

ENDING A WAR
Butow, Robert J.C., Japan's Decision to Surrender. 1954: Stanford University Press. The classic.
Pacific War Research Society. Japan's Longest Day. The abortive attempt to stave off the August 15, 1945 surrender.
Sigal, Leon V., Fighting to a Finish; The Politics of War Termination in the United States and Japan, 1945. 1988: Cornell University Press. A political scientist looks at the problem.
Skates, John Ray, The Invasion of Japan. Alternative to the Bomb. 1994: University of South Carolina Press. New look at what-might-have-been from U.S. plans.
Feis, Herbert, The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II. 1966: Princeton.
Feifer, George, Tennozan. The Battle of Okinawa & the Atomic Bomb. 1992: Ticknor & Fields. A look at the issues linking "decisive battles" and the Atomic bombs. Questions remain. See Drea's treatment of intelligence assessments too.
Parillo, Mark P., The Japanese Merchant Marine in World War II. 1993: U.S. Naval Institute. Valuable and long-missing piece of the puzzle.
Craig, William, The Fall of Japan. 1968: Dell. Popular overview.
Coox, Alvin, Japan the Final Agony. 1970: Ballantine. Short popular survey.
Connaughton, Richard, John Pimlott, and Duncan Anderson, The Battle for Manila. 1995: Presidio. The shocking story of the horrific battle February 3­March 3, 1945.
Carr-Gregg, Charlotte, Japanese Prisoners of War in Revolt. Remarkable story of the bloody Japanese POW revolts in Australia
Allen, Louis, The End of the War in Asia. 1976: Hart-Davis, MacGibbon. Japan surrendersŠ; then, what happens?
Allen, Thomas B. and Norman Polmar, Code-Name Downfall. The Secret Plan to Invade Japan‹and Why Truman Dropped the Bomb. 1995: Simon Schuster. New tale
MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History, Vol. 7, No. 3, Spring 1995, special issue The End of the War with Japan covering many key issues and rarely told stories.
Swinson, Arthur, Kohima. 1966: Cassell. Horrific battle culminating Japan's invasion of India.

"SPECIAL ATTACK" AND THE KAMIKAZE
Hagoromo Society, The Cherry Blossom Squadrons. Born to Die. 1973: Ohara. [trans. of The Cherry Blossom Squadrons of the Divine Thunderbolt Corps.]
Inoguchi, Rikihei (Capt.) and Nakajima, Tadashi (Cdr.), with Roger Pineau, The Divine Wind. The Japanese Kamikaze Force in World War II. 1958: U.S. Naval Institute Press. [1994].
Millot, Bernard, Divine Thunder: The Life and Death of the Kamikazes. 1971: McCall
Nagatsuka, Ryuji, I Was A Kamikaze 1973: Macmillan.
O'Neill, Richard, Suicide Squads. 1984: Ballantine. From the prolific military press‹caution.
Spurr, Russell, A Glorious Way to Die. The Kamikaze Mission of the Battleship Yamato, April 1945. 1983: Bantam.
Warner, Denis and Warner, Peggy, The Sacred Warriors: Japan's Suicide Legions. 1982: Avon.
Lartéguy, Jean, ed., The Sun Goes Down. Last Letters from Japanese Suicide-Pilots and Soldiers. London: William Kimber, 1956. Translations from the first Japanese war letter works.
Yokota Shôichi, Suicide Submarine. 1961: Ballantine. The story of a Kaiten pilot.

WAR RESPONSIBILITY
Minear, Richard. Victors' Justice. 1976: Princeton. Important study of politics of trials.
Brackman, Arnold C, The Other Nuremberg. The Untold Story of the Tokyo War Crimes Trials. 1987: William Morrow.
Shiroyama, Saburô, War Criminal; The Life and Death of Hirota Koki. (John Bester, trans.) 1974: Kodansha. A civilian Prime Minister in the dock.
Röling, B. V. A. (and Antonio Cassese), The Tokyo Trial and Beyond. 1993: Polity Press. Extended interview with one of the 11 international judges at Tokyo.
Dower, John W., Empire and Aftermath: Yoshida Shigeru and the Japanese Experience, 1878-1954. 1979: Council on East Asian Affairs, Harvard University.
Lael, Richard L., The Yamashita Precedent: War Crimes and Command Responsibility. 1982: Scholarly Resources.
Reel, A. Frank, The Case of General Yamashita. 1949: Chicago. The defense lawyer.
Taylor, Lawrence, A Trial of Generals. Homma, Yamashita, MacArthur. 1981: Icarus.
Potter, John D., A Soldier Must Hang. A Biography of an Oriental General. 1963: Muller. Yamashita on trial.
Baerwald, Hans H., The Purge of Japanese Leaders under the Occupation. 1959: California.
Ike Nobutake, The Japanese Decision for War. Records of the 1941 Policy Conferences. 1967: Stanford. The record of the choices.
Berger, Gordon Mark, Parties out of Power in Japan, 1931-1941. 1977: Princeton.
Maxon, Yale Candee, Control of Japanese Foreign Policy. A Study of Civil-Military Rivalry, 1930-1945. 1957: University of California Press. Classic study of militarist foreign policy.

WAR CRIMES (There is a huge literature on POW experience.)
Daws, Gavin, Prisoners of the Japanese. 1995: Morrow. Outstanding, if horrifying, treatment.
Lomax, Eric, The Railway Man. 1995: Jonathan Cape. Best-selling memoir of a Scottish POW on Burma-Thai railway.
Tanaka, Yuki, Hidden Horrors. Japanese War Crimes in World War II. 1996: Westview. Comprehensive new history of the most well-known atrocities. Hideous detail.
Kinvig, Clifford, River Kwai Railway; The Story of the Burma-Siam Railroad. 1992: Brassey's.
La Forte, Robert S. and Ronald E. Marcello, eds., Building the Death Railway. The Ordeal of American POWs in Burma, 1942-1945. 1993: Scholarly Resources.
McCormick, Gavan and Hank Nelson, The Burma­Thailand Railway. 1993: Allen & Unwin. A study of the Australian experience, with oral testaments by Korean guards as well.
Harris, Sheldon H., Factories of Death: Japanese Biological Warfare, 1932­1945 and the American Cover Up. 1994: Routledge. Definitive treatment by dedicated expert.
Williams, Peter and Wallace, David, Unit 731. Japan's Secret Biological Warfare in World War II. 1991: Free Press. Horrible story of Japan's medical experiments in Manchuria.
Powell, John W., "Japan's Biological Weapons: 1930-1945‹A Hidden Chapter in History," The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, October, 1981, 43-53.
Hicks, George, The Comfort Women; Japan's Brutal Regime of Enforced Prostitution in the Second World War. 1995: Norton. Widely distributed new history, but be careful!
Kimura, Hisao, "A Protest Against My Charge," in Michiko Aoki & Margaret Dardess, ed., As the Japanese See It: Past and Present, 297-303. 1981: University of Hawaii Press.
Falk, Stanley, Bataan. The March of Death. 1962: W. W. Norton. Brilliant, balanced, a classic.
Knox, Death March. The Survivors of Bataan. 1981: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

MODERN MEMORY AND HISTORY
Cook, Haruko Taya and Theodore F. Cook, Japan at War: An Oral History. 1992: New Press.
Gibney, Frank, ed., Senso: Japanese Remember the War. 1995: St. Martins. Selection of letters to Asahi newspaper 1986-1987 capture vignettes and moments of memory.
Ôoka, Shôhei, Taken Captive. A Japanese POW's Story [1952] 1996: John Wiley & Sons. Outstanding novelist (author of Fires on the Plain) tells the story of his captivity.
Cary, Otis, ed., War-Wasted Asia. Letters, 1945-46. 1975: Kodansha. A marvelous compendium of correspondence among young servicemen who would become the core of Japan Studies.
Buruma, Ian, The Wages of Guilt. Memories of War in Germany and Japan. 1994: Farrar, Straus, Giroux. Powerful study of the issue.
Manchester, William, Goodbye, Darkness. A Memoir of the Pacific War. [1979] 1987: Dell. Brilliant and painful.
Hersey, John, Into the Valley. A Skirmish of the Marines.[1943].1989: Shocken. Moment in war.
Haynes, Samuel, Flight of Passage. Princeton English Professor remembers youth.
Fraser, George MacDonald, Quartered Safe Out Here. A Recollection of the War in Burma. 1992: Harvill. Author of the Flashman novels tells his war story.
Hashikawa, BunO(o,‹), "Japanese Perspectives on Asia: From Dissociation to Coprosperity," in Akira Iriye, ed., The Chinese and the Japanese. Essays in Political and Cultural Interactions (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980), 328-356.
Bellah, Robert N., "Ienaga Saburô and the Search for Meaning in Modern Japan," in Marius B. Jansen, ed., Changing Japanese Attitudes toward Modernization (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1965), 369-424.
Lartéguy, Jean, ed., The Sun Goes Down. Last Letters from Japanese Suicide-Pilots and Soldiers. London: William Kimber, 1956. Translations from the first Japanese war letter works.
Tsurumi, Kazuko, Social Change & the Individual: Japan Before & After Defeat in World War II. 1970: Princeton.
Astor, Gerald, Crisis in the Pacific. The Battles for the Philippine Islands by the Men Who Fought Them‹An Oral History. 1996: Donald I. Fine. US memories.
Wooldridge, E. T., ed., Carrier Warfare in the Pacific. An Oral History Collection. 1993: Smithsonian.
Field, Norma, In the Realm of the Dying Emperor. 1989: Pantheon. Prize-winning personal look at late Shôwa Japan by leading professor of Japanese literature.
Engelhardt, Tom, The End of Victory Culture. 1994: Basic Books. America in the wake of victories and myths.

THE OCCUPATION
Borton, Hugh, American Presurrender Planning for Postwar Japan. 1967: Occasional Papers of the East Asian Institute.
Cohen, Jerome B., Japan's Economy in War and Reconstruction. 1949: Minnesota. Outstanding and still the only decent book on the topic of the wartime economy.
Schaller, Michael, The American Occupation of Japan: The Origins of the Cold War in Asia. 1985: Oxford University Press.
Kawai, Kazuo, Japan's American Interlude. 1960: Univ. of Chicago.
Baerwald, Hans H., The Purge of Japanese Leaders under the Occupation. 1959: California.
Montgomery, John D., The Purge in Occupied Japan. A Study in the Use of Civilian Agencies Under Military Governments. 1953: John Hopkins.
Bates, Peter, Japan and the British Commonwealth Occupation Force 1946­52 1993: Brassey's.
Bisson, T. A., Zaibatsu Dissolution in Japan 1954: Columbia.
Dore, Ronald, Land Reform in Japan. 1959: Oxford University Press. As it was supposed to be.
Hadley, Eleanor, Anti-Trust in Japan. 1970: Princeton.
Dower, John W., Empire and Aftermath: Yoshida Shigeru and the Japanese Experience, 1878-1954. 1979: Council on East Asian Affairs, Harvard University. What was the post-war premier up to when the war was going on?
Ward, Robert E & Sakamoto Yoshikazu, eds., Democratizing Japan. The Allied Occupation. 1987: University of Hawaii.
Ward, Robert E & Frank Schulman, eds., The Occupation of Japan, 1945­1952: An Annotated Bibliography of Western Language Materials. 1974: American Library Assoc.
Dower, John W., "The Useful War," in Japan in War & Peace. 1993: New Press. pp. 9-32

THE JAPANESE AND THE JEWS
Heppner, Ernest G., Shanghai Refuge. A Memoir of the World War II Jewish Ghetto. 1995: Bison.
Tokayer, Marvin & May Swartz, The Fugu Plan; The Untold Story of the Japanese and the Jews During World War II.
Levine, Hillel, In Search of Sugihara: The Elusive Japanese Diplomat Who Risked His Life to Rescue 10,000 Jews from the Holocaust. 1996: The Free Press.
Kranzler, David, Japanese, Nazis and Jews: The Jewish Refugee Community of Shanghai, 1938-1945.
__________, "Japanese Policy Toward the Jews, 1938-1941", Japan Interpreter 11.4 (1977), 493-527.

JAPANESE IN NORTH AMERICA (A hint at what exists.)
Adachi, Ken, The Enemy That Never Was. A History of the Japanese Canadians. 1976: McClelland and Stewart. An important tale north of the border.
Daniels, Roger, Prisoners Without Trial. Japanese Americans in World War II. 1993: Hill & Wang. Excellent short overview.
Houston, Jeanne Wakatsuki & James Houston, Farewell to Manzanar. Simple, yet elegant memoir-story of a young girl's war from inside a detainment camp.
Blum, John Morton, V Was for Victory. Politics and American Culture During World War II. 1976: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
tenBroek, Jacobus, Barnhart, Edward N., and Matson, Floyd W., Prejudice, War, and the Constitution. Causes and Consequences of the Evacuation of the Japanese Americans in World War II. 1970: California. One of many excellent books.
Terkel, Studs, The "Good War." Pantheon. An oral history of the American wartime experience. Excellent foil for Cook and Cook, Japan at War an Oral History.



NOTE ON SOURCES: Course Reader: A Xeroxed collection of readings, pictures, and documents prepared expressly for History 365 is on Library Reserve. The Reader is keyed to the syllabus. This reading is a collection of hard-to-find articles gathered together in one place for your convenience. It is supplementary, but it may be useful in answering questions and augmenting your studies.